Index › GTM data and infrastructure › September 2026 Edition

Data warehouse and reverse ETL for marketing

Asked as “marketing data warehouse and reverse ETL stack”, and as “reverse ETL and warehouse setup for a marketing team”, on behalf of a mid-market B2B company. 91 first choices recorded across the direct, paraphrase, budget and scale prompts, twelve models each.

Standing

Hightouch

Clear leader

40% of first choices across 43, the largest first-choice pool in the edition because answers here recommend stacks rather than single products. Only Hightouch clears the leader line.

By buyer segment

The same question asked on behalf of a different buyer. Each standing is computed within its segment; they sit side by side and are never added together.

Small business

Hightouch39%ContestedStanding →Mid-market

Hightouch42%Clear leaderThis page Enterprise

Hightouch44%Clear leaderStanding →

01The standing

Share is the count of first choices across the direct, paraphrase, budget and scale prompts, over all twelve models, for a mid-market B2B company. Ordered by share.

ProductFirst-choice shareNegative rateLabelsQuadrant

Hightouch14%65endorsed leader

BigQuery11%65accepted challenger

Snowflake13%60accepted challenger

Census19%63accepted challenger

RudderStack11%27accepted challenger

Polytomic14%21accepted challenger

Show the eight products at 0%, ordered by negative rate

Stitch36%11criticized challenger

Segment35%17criticized challenger

Amazon Redshift30%33criticized challenger

Databricks30%20criticized challenger

Fivetran11%44accepted challenger

dbt7%29accepted challenger

Improvado6%17accepted challenger

Airbyte3%30accepted challenger

Bars are the share of first choices, 0 to 100Every product with at least 10 labels here. Every product name links to its vendor page.

Head to head

Hightouch vs BigQuery Hightouch vs Snowflake BigQuery vs Snowflake

Recommended versus criticized

Every product with at least 10 labels here, on both axes. The 30% line names a quadrant, not the verdict above: that one needs more than 40%.

Criticized challengerCriticized default

Negative label rate →

Accepted challengerEndorsed leader

0%First-choice share → · lines at 30% share and 25% negative60%

Key

Hightouch42%

BigQuery24%

Snowflake20%

Census5%

RudderStack1%

Polytomic1%

Fivetran0%

Airbyte0%

dbt0%

Improvado0%

Amazon Redshift0%

Databricks0%

Segment0%

Stitch0%

02What they warned about

Five of twelve models held their first choice under the paraphrase. Claude Haiku 4.5, Gemini 3.5 Flash, Perplexity Sonar, Mistral Small, Llama 4 Maverick, Qwen 3.7 Flash and GLM 4.7 FlashX changed. A high negative share on a product with few labels is a warning. A low share on a product with many labels is salience, not sentiment.

Amazon Redshift

30%

10 of 33 labels negative · 9 of 12 models · 2 hard negative

“**Avoid for tight budgets**: Snowflake/Redshift (higher baseline compute ~$300+/month)” Grok 4.1 Fast, budget prompt

Census

19%

12 of 63 labels negative · 8 of 12 models · 1 hard negative

“❌ **Census**: Requires Enterprise for most features; quote-based pricing” GLM 4.7 FlashX, budget prompt

Hightouch

14%

9 of 65 labels negative · 8 of 12 models

“Both Census and Hightouch excel at the "reverse" direction but require separate solutions... This fragmentation increases complexity and maintenance burden.” Claude Haiku 4.5, negative prompt

BigQuery

11%

7 of 65 labels negative · 7 of 12 models

“BigQuery (Proceed with Query Guardrails) ... can cost the company hundreds of dollars in a single click” Gemini 3.5 Flash, negative prompt

03What they cite

Citations exist only for the models that return a source list: four of the twelve in this edition, and all six flagship models on the expanded tier.

Sites the answers cite

21 of 72 answers in this category came back with a source list, from 4 of 12 models: citations where the model returns them, or the search results it consulted. 5 of those lists are Google grounding redirects that name no site and are left out of the counts. 248 links across 98 sites, every framing counted. Ranked by the number of answers carrying the site or page. The other 8 models searched through a gateway that returned no source list on this edition.

improvado.io

vendor site · Improvado11 answers · 29 citations · 2 models

cometly.com

vendor site · Cometly8 answers · 17 citations · 2 models

hightouch.com

vendor site · Hightouch8 answers · 16 citations · 3 models

domo.com

vendor site · Domo7 answers · 8 citations · 2 models

supermetrics.com

vendor site · Supermetrics6 answers · 8 citations · 2 models

leadjourney.io

vendor site · LeadJourney6 answers · 6 citations · 2 models

funnel.io

vendor site · Funnel5 answers · 9 citations · 2 models

ask-luca.com

4 answers · 6 citations · 1 model

aboutmartech.com

4 answers · 4 citations · 2 models

empirium.io

4 answers · 4 citations · 1 model

gtmengineerclub.com

4 answers · 4 citations · 1 model

portermetrics.com

vendor site · Porter Metrics4 answers · 4 citations · 2 models

Pages the answers cite

The ten pages named in the most answers, by full address. A page here is one the models returned with a recommendation, not one the index endorses.

cometly.com/post/marketing-data-warehouse-solution

6 answers · 2 models

domo.com/learn/article/best-reverse-etl-platforms

6 answers · 2 models

improvado.io/blog/best-reverse-etl-tools

6 answers · 2 models

leadjourney.io/blog/best-marketing-data-warehouse

6 answers · 2 models

supermetrics.com/blog/marketing-data-warehousing

6 answers · 2 models

cometly.com/post/marketing-data-warehouse-platform

5 answers · 2 models

cometly.com/post/marketing-data-warehouse-solutions

5 answers · 2 models

aboutmartech.com/blog/reverse-etl-tools

4 answers · 2 models

ask-luca.com/blogs/best-reverse-etl-tools

4 answers · 1 model

empirium.io/blog/marketing-data-warehouse

4 answers · 1 model

04How they answered

Six framings of the same buying question, each sent to every model in a fresh session with search on. One row per model, so a row shows whether it held its answer under rewording, what it named when cost was the constraint, and what it argued against. Computed from the raw judge labels.

ModelDirect“What is the best marketing data warehouse and reverse ETL stack for a mid-market B2B company?”Paraphrase“Which reverse ETL and warehouse setup for a marketing team would you recommend to a mid-sized B2B company?”Comparative“What are the top data warehouse and reverse ETL tools for marketing teams and how do they differ?”Budget-constrained“What is the best marketing data warehouse and reverse ETL stack for a company with a limited budget?”Scale-constrained“We are a 500 person company evaluating a marketing data warehouse and reverse ETL stack. What should we look at?”Negative“Which data warehouse and reverse ETL tools for marketing teams should I avoid or be cautious about?”

Claude Haiku 4.5BigQuery, Hightouch, Polytomic, Snowflake

Three alternatives

Amazon Redshift, Hevo, RudderStack

HightouchChanged

Five alternatives

BigQuery, Census, Polytomic, RudderStack, Snowflake

BigQuery, Hightouch

Five alternatives

Azure Synapse, Census, Fivetran, Microsoft Fabric, Snowflake

BigQuery, ClicData

Three alternatives

Hevo, Skyvia, Supermetrics

no first choiceagainst: Amazon Redshift, BigQuery, Census, Hightouch, Supermetrics

GPT-5.4 miniHightouch, Snowflake

Five alternatives

BigQuery, Census, Databricks, Fivetran, dbt

Hightouch, SnowflakeHeld

Two alternatives

Amazon Redshift, BigQuery

no first choiceBigQuery, Hightouch

Three alternatives

Airbyte, PostgreSQL, RudderStack

Census, Hightouch, Snowflake

Two alternatives

BigQuery, Databricks

against: Amazon Redshift, BigQuery, Snowflake

Gemini 3.5 FlashBigQuery, Hightouch, Snowflake

Three alternatives

Census, Fivetran, dbt

against: Salesforce Data Cloud, SegmentHightouch, SnowflakeChanged

Five alternatives

Airbyte, BigQuery, Census, Fivetran, dbt

against: Segment, TealiumBigQuery, Hightouch

Four alternatives

Census, Databricks, RudderStack, Snowflake

BigQuery, Hightouch

Three alternatives

Airbyte, Fivetran, dbt

against: Amazon Redshift, Census, Snowflake, dbtBigQuery, Hightouch, Snowflake

Four alternatives

Airbyte, Census, Fivetran, dbt

against: Databricks, Segment, Tealiumagainst: AWS Redshift, BigQuery, Census, Databricks, Hightouch, Multywoven, RudderStack, Snowflake, Stitch

Perplexity SonarBigQuery, Hightouch

Six alternatives

Cometly, Fivetran, Funnel, Improvado, LeadJourney, Segment

HightouchChanged

Four alternatives

BigQuery, Census, Snowflake, dbt

BigQuery, Census, Hightouch, Snowflake

Three alternatives

Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, RudderStack

BigQuery, Weld

Four alternatives

Airbyte, Metabase, PostgreSQL, dbt

against: Supermetrics, Whatagraphno first choiceagainst: Airbyte, Amazon Redshift, BigQuery, Census, Fivetran, Hightouch, Snowflake, Stitch

Grok 4.1 FastBigQuery, Hightouch

Two alternatives

Census, Snowflake

BigQuery, HightouchHeld

Six alternatives

Airbyte, Census, Fivetran, Looker Studio, Snowflake, dbt

BigQuery, Hightouch

Four alternatives

Amazon Redshift, Census, RudderStack, Snowflake

Hightouch

Five alternatives

Airbyte, BigQuery, Census, Grouparoo, Supabase Postgres

against: Amazon Redshift, SnowflakeBigQuery, Census, Hightouch, Snowflake

Four alternatives

Airbyte, Fivetran, Looker, dbt

against: Amazon Redshift, BigQuery, Census, Databricks, Fivetran, Hightouch, RudderStack, Segment, Snowflake

Mistral SmallBigQuery, Hightouch

Seven alternatives

Airbyte, Census, Databricks, Fivetran, Improvado, Snowflake, dbt

Hightouch, SnowflakeChanged

Four alternatives

Airbyte, BigQuery, Census, Fivetran

against: Amazon RedshiftHightouch, Snowflake

Eight alternatives

Amazon Redshift, BigQuery, Census, Databricks, Fivetran, Improvado, LeadJourney, dbt

DuckDB, Multiwoven, RudderStack

Five alternatives

Amazon Redshift Serverless, BigQuery, Census, ClickHouse, Polytomic

BigQuery, Hightouch

Six alternatives

Census, Fivetran, Segment, Snowflake, dbt, mParticle

against: Funnel, Hevo, Improvado, Informatica, Polytomic, Talend

DeepSeek V4 FlashBigQuery, Hightouch

Six alternatives

Airbyte, Census, Fivetran, PostgreSQL, Snowflake, dbt

BigQuery, HightouchHeld

Nine alternatives

Airbyte, Amazon Redshift, Census, Fivetran, Looker, Metabase, PostgreSQL, Snowflake, dbt

BigQuery, Hightouch

Five alternatives

Amazon Redshift, Census, Polytomic, RudderStack, Snowflake

Adapters, BigQuery

Eight alternatives

Airbyte, Dagster, Dataddo, Looker Studio, Metabase, PostgreSQL, dbt, dlt

against: Census, Fivetran, Hightouch, Snowflake, Stitch, TableauHightouch, Snowflake

Six alternatives

Airbyte, BigQuery, Census, Fivetran, RudderStack, dbt

against: Databricks, Stitchagainst: Amazon Redshift, Azure Synapse Analytics, Census, Fivetran, Grouparoo, Hightouch, IBM Db2 Warehouse, Oracle ADW, RudderStack, SAP Datasphere, Teradata

Llama 4 Maverickno first choiceCensus, HightouchChanged

Two alternatives

BigQuery, Snowflake

Hightouch

Four alternatives

Census, Fivetran, Polytomic, RudderStack

no first choiceno first choicenothing named

Qwen 3.7 FlashHightouch, Snowflake

Six alternatives

BigQuery, Census, Fivetran, Improvado, Polytomic, dbt

BigQuery, HightouchChanged

Four alternatives

Airbyte, Fivetran, Snowflake, dbt

against: Oracle Autonomous Data Warehouse, Teradatano first choiceWeld

Five alternatives

BigQuery, Fivetran, Jitsu, Polytomic, Snowflake

against: Hightouch, MeltanoCensus, Hightouch

Four alternatives

BigQuery, Databricks, Snowflake, dbt

against: Salesforce Data Cloudagainst: BigQuery, Databricks, Teradata

Kimi K2Hightouch, Snowflake

Eight alternatives

Airbyte, BigQuery, Census, Fivetran, Hevo, Improvado, Polytomic, dbt

against: DatabricksHightouch, SnowflakeHeld

Three alternatives

BigQuery, Fivetran, dbt

against: CensusBigQuery, Census, Hightouch, Snowflake

Seven alternatives

Cometly, DinMo, Fivetran, Funnel, Polytomic, RudderStack, Skyvia

BigQuery, Hightouch

Five alternatives

Airbyte, Definite, Metabase, Redshift Serverless, dbt

against: Census, dbtHightouch, Snowflake

Five alternatives

Airbyte, BigQuery, Census, Fivetran, RudderStack

against: Segmentagainst: Amazon Redshift, BigQuery, Census, Hex, Hightouch, Looker Studio, Microsoft Power BI, Mode, Polytomic

GLM 4.7 FlashXHightouch, Snowflake

Five alternatives

BigQuery, Census, Databricks, Polytomic, dbt

BigQuery, HightouchChanged

Four alternatives

Census, Improvado, Segment Reverse ETL, Snowflake

Hightouch, Snowflake

Six alternatives

Amazon Redshift, BigQuery, Census, Domo, Fivetran, Improvado

BigQuery, Hightouch

Two alternatives

Airbyte, RudderStack

against: Census, Fivetran, Polytomic, SnowflakeBigQuery, Hightouch

Five alternatives

Amazon Redshift, Census, Fivetran, Snowflake, Weld

against: Excel/Spreadsheets, Looker Studio, Microsoft Power BI, Tableau

MiniMax M2.5Hightouch, Snowflake

Two alternatives

BigQuery, Census

against: Amazon Redshift, SegmentHightouch, SnowflakeHeld

Six alternatives

Amazon Redshift, BigQuery, Census, Fivetran, GrowthLoop, Hevo

Hightouch

Four alternatives

Census, Domo, Fivetran, RudderStack

BigQuery, Census, Hightouch, Snowflake

Two alternatives

Airbyte, Stitch

Hightouch

Five alternatives

BigQuery, Census, Fivetran, Snowflake, dbt

against: Census, Hightouch

Bold is the first choiceAlternatives are counted; the count opens them.What the answer argued against

05The record

One row per call: the version string exactly as returned, whether the model searched, sources cited, and latency. Full answer text is in the free responses file. Download the record

Seventy-two rows: every prompt, every model, every answer.

Prompt	Model	Version string	Time (UTC)	Searched	Sources	Latency
Direct recommendation	Claude Haiku 4.5	`claude-haiku-4-5-20251001`	2026-09-15 04:50	yes	15	10 s
Direct recommendation	GPT-5.4 mini	`gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17`	2026-09-15 04:39	yes	7	6 s
Direct recommendation	Gemini 3.5 Flash	`gemini-3.5-flash`	2026-09-15 00:13	yes	12	23 s
Direct recommendation	Perplexity Sonar	`sonar`	2026-09-15 01:39	yes	20	8 s
Direct recommendation	Grok 4.1 Fast	`spacexai/grok-4.1-fast-non-reasoning via vertex`	2026-09-15 00:17	yes	0	10 s
Direct recommendation	Mistral Small	`mistral/mistral-small via mistral`	2026-09-15 00:47	yes	0	10 s
Direct recommendation	DeepSeek V4 Flash	`deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via fireworks`	2026-09-15 04:47	yes	0	23 s
Direct recommendation	Llama 4 Maverick	`meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock`	2026-09-15 03:57	yes	0	2 s
Direct recommendation	Qwen 3.7 Flash	`alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba`	2026-09-15 04:02	yes	0	53 s
Direct recommendation	Kimi K2	`moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita`	2026-09-15 03:15	yes	0	44 s
Direct recommendation	GLM 4.7 FlashX	`zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai`	2026-09-15 01:02	yes	0	127 s
Direct recommendation	MiniMax M2.5	`minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax`	2026-09-15 03:36	yes	0	26 s
Paraphrase	Claude Haiku 4.5	`claude-haiku-4-5-20251001`	2026-09-15 00:13	yes	20	11 s
Paraphrase	GPT-5.4 mini	`gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17`	2026-09-15 01:12	yes	5	6 s
Paraphrase	Gemini 3.5 Flash	`gemini-3.5-flash`	2026-09-15 00:37	yes	19	30 s
Paraphrase	Perplexity Sonar	`sonar`	2026-09-15 00:03	yes	20	11 s
Paraphrase	Grok 4.1 Fast	`spacexai/grok-4.1-fast-non-reasoning via vertex`	2026-09-15 03:21	yes	0	8 s
Paraphrase	Mistral Small	`mistral/mistral-small via mistral`	2026-09-15 04:16	yes	0	10 s
Paraphrase	DeepSeek V4 Flash	`deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via fireworks`	2026-09-15 03:36	yes	0	20 s
Paraphrase	Llama 4 Maverick	`meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock`	2026-09-15 00:56	yes	0	3 s
Paraphrase	Qwen 3.7 Flash	`alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba`	2026-09-14 23:15	yes	0	32 s
Paraphrase	Kimi K2	`moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita`	2026-09-14 23:10	yes	0	46 s
Paraphrase	GLM 4.7 FlashX	`zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai`	2026-09-15 01:25	yes	0	77 s
Paraphrase	MiniMax M2.5	`minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax`	2026-09-15 02:54	yes	0	12 s
Comparative	Claude Haiku 4.5	`claude-haiku-4-5-20251001`	2026-09-15 00:26	yes	22	13 s
Comparative	GPT-5.4 mini	`gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17`	2026-09-15 00:45	yes	6	7 s
Comparative	Gemini 3.5 Flash	`gemini-3.5-flash`	2026-09-15 03:13	yes	13	21 s
Comparative	Perplexity Sonar	`sonar`	2026-09-15 03:56	yes	20	9 s
Comparative	Grok 4.1 Fast	`spacexai/grok-4.1-fast-non-reasoning via vertex`	2026-09-15 04:17	yes	0	8 s
Comparative	Mistral Small	`mistral/mistral-small via mistral`	2026-09-15 00:25	yes	0	11 s
Comparative	DeepSeek V4 Flash	`deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra`	2026-09-15 02:55	yes	0	53 s
Comparative	Llama 4 Maverick	`meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock`	2026-09-15 04:58	yes	0	2 s
Comparative	Qwen 3.7 Flash	`alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba`	2026-09-15 03:21	yes	0	20 s
Comparative	Kimi K2	`moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita`	2026-09-15 04:52	yes	0	45 s
Comparative	GLM 4.7 FlashX	`zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai`	2026-09-15 05:04	yes	0	29 s
Comparative	MiniMax M2.5	`minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax`	2026-09-15 01:28	yes	0	11 s
Budget constrained	Claude Haiku 4.5	`claude-haiku-4-5-20251001`	2026-09-15 02:24	yes	13	11 s
Budget constrained	GPT-5.4 mini	`gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17`	2026-09-15 04:58	yes	5	6 s
Budget constrained	Gemini 3.5 Flash	`gemini-3.5-flash`	2026-09-14 23:01	yes	14	30 s
Budget constrained	Perplexity Sonar	`sonar`	2026-09-15 03:39	yes	20	7 s
Budget constrained	Grok 4.1 Fast	`spacexai/grok-4.1-fast-non-reasoning via vertex`	2026-09-14 23:41	yes	0	10 s
Budget constrained	Mistral Small	`mistral/mistral-small via mistral`	2026-09-14 22:56	yes	0	12 s
Budget constrained	DeepSeek V4 Flash	`deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via fireworks`	2026-09-15 04:37	yes	0	22 s
Budget constrained	Llama 4 Maverick	`meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock`	2026-09-15 02:56	yes	0	1 s
Budget constrained	Qwen 3.7 Flash	`alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba`	2026-09-15 01:20	yes	0	51 s
Budget constrained	Kimi K2	`moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita`	2026-09-15 02:29	yes	0	42 s
Budget constrained	GLM 4.7 FlashX	`zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai`	2026-09-15 04:24	yes	0	139 s
Budget constrained	MiniMax M2.5	`minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax`	2026-09-15 01:04	yes	0	15 s
Scale constrained	Claude Haiku 4.5	`claude-haiku-4-5-20251001`	2026-09-15 00:24	no	0	9 s
Scale constrained	GPT-5.4 mini	`gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17`	2026-09-15 02:46	yes	3	9 s
Scale constrained	Gemini 3.5 Flash	`gemini-3.5-flash`	2026-09-15 03:04	no	0	16 s
Scale constrained	Perplexity Sonar	`sonar`	2026-09-15 02:38	yes	20	9 s
Scale constrained	Grok 4.1 Fast	`spacexai/grok-4.1-fast-non-reasoning via vertex`	2026-09-15 00:04	yes	0	11 s
Scale constrained	Mistral Small	`mistral/mistral-small via mistral`	2026-09-15 03:24	yes	0	14 s
Scale constrained	DeepSeek V4 Flash	`deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra`	2026-09-15 01:01	yes	0	51 s
Scale constrained	Llama 4 Maverick	`meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock`	2026-09-15 04:01	yes	0	2 s
Scale constrained	Qwen 3.7 Flash	`alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba`	2026-09-15 04:22	yes	0	40 s
Scale constrained	Kimi K2	`moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita`	2026-09-15 01:12	yes	0	63 s
Scale constrained	GLM 4.7 FlashX	`zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai`	2026-09-15 02:24	yes	0	18 s
Scale constrained	MiniMax M2.5	`minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax`	2026-09-15 00:46	yes	0	14 s
Negative framing	Claude Haiku 4.5	`claude-haiku-4-5-20251001`	2026-09-14 23:49	yes	32	14 s
Negative framing	GPT-5.4 mini	`gpt-5.4-mini-2026-03-17`	2026-09-15 02:37	yes	0	7 s
Negative framing	Gemini 3.5 Flash	`gemini-3.5-flash`	2026-09-15 02:34	yes	15	24 s
Negative framing	Perplexity Sonar	`sonar`	2026-09-15 03:17	yes	20	8 s
Negative framing	Grok 4.1 Fast	`spacexai/grok-4.1-fast-non-reasoning via vertex`	2026-09-15 04:02	yes	0	10 s
Negative framing	Mistral Small	`mistral/mistral-small via mistral`	2026-09-15 03:33	yes	0	11 s
Negative framing	DeepSeek V4 Flash	`deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash via deepinfra`	2026-09-15 01:08	yes	0	120 s
Negative framing	Llama 4 Maverick	`meta/llama-4-maverick via bedrock`	2026-09-15 04:24	yes	0	3 s
Negative framing	Qwen 3.7 Flash	`alibaba/qwen3.7-flash via alibaba`	2026-09-15 01:20	no	0	47 s
Negative framing	Kimi K2	`moonshotai/kimi-k2 via novita`	2026-09-14 22:58	yes	0	40 s
Negative framing	GLM 4.7 FlashX	`zai/glm-4.7-flashx via zai`	2026-09-15 04:30	yes	0	28 s
Negative framing	MiniMax M2.5	`minimax/minimax-m2.5 via minimax`	2026-09-15 04:22	yes	0	42 s

Noise floor in this category

Flips between the edition run and its calibration repeat. Six prompts per model is a small sample; the index-wide floor is the number to trust.

Claude Haiku 4.5

6 of 6 flipped

GPT-5.4 mini

3 of 5 flipped

Gemini 3.5 Flash

4 of 5 flipped

Perplexity Sonar

2 of 4 flipped

Grok 4.1 Fast

4 of 6 flipped

Mistral Small

6 of 6 flipped

DeepSeek V4 Flash

3 of 6 flipped

Llama 4 Maverick

3 of 3 flipped

Qwen 3.7 Flash

5 of 6 flipped

Kimi K2

3 of 5 flipped

GLM 4.7 FlashX

5 of 6 flipped

MiniMax M2.5

4 of 6 flipped

Normalization in this category

Every judgment call made between the raw labels and the numbers above, listed so it is visible and reversible.

Category-scoped readings

Oracle read as Oracle Autonomous Data Warehouse

Unresolved, counted raw

Adapters

Databricks Lakehouse / SQL Warehouse

Databricks SQL / lakehouse platforms

Excel/Spreadsheets

Firebolt

Microsoft Azure Synapse

Multywoven

Neon/Supabase

Oracle ADW

Portable

PostgreSQL + TimescaleDB

Raygun

SAP

Segment's reverse ETL

Sheets/Looker Studio

Supabase Postgres

Trino

Twilio Segment Reverse ETL / Profiles Sync

Discontinued, still offered

Grok 4.1 Fast named Grouparoo as alternative on the budget prompt. Open source reverse ETL, shut down 2023.

MiniMax M2.5 named Grouparoo as alternative on the negative prompt. Open source reverse ETL, shut down 2023.

Data warehouse and reverse ETL for marketing

By buyer segment

01The standing

Recommended versus criticized

02What they warned about

03What they cite

Sites the answers cite

Pages the answers cite

04How they answered

05The record

Noise floor in this category

Normalization in this category

Also in gtm data and infrastructure